Science and Technology

What stones inside fish ears are telling us about climate change

The Hindu:Science - 10/12/2023
Climate change has made it more important than ever – wild animals’ futures may depend on how much we understand about them

India’s extreme rain was restricted to a ‘corridor’ during 1901-2019 | Explained

The Hindu:Science - 10/12/2023
A new study has found that large-scale extreme rainfall has been simultaneous, or nearly so, and restricted to a ‘corridor’.

Compensation to participants in human challenge studies should not incentivise risk-taking

The Hindu:Science - 09/12/2023
 ICMR’s consensus policy statement on human challenge studies insists that payment should take into account the loss of wages, incidental expenses, and time and efforts made to participate in CHIS

US approves two gene therapies for sickle cell disease

The Hindu:Science - 09/12/2023
The Vertex/CRISPR gene therapy uses the breakthrough gene editing technology that won its inventors the Nobel Prize in 2020

Do we live in a giant void? It could solve the puzzle of the universe’s expansion

The Hindu:Science - 09/12/2023
The universe’s expansion makes galaxies move away from each other. The further away they are from us, the more quickly they move

IIT-Madras researchers find home use products cause microplastic pollution

The Hindu:Science - 09/12/2023
An estimated 4.88 to 12.7 million metric tonnes of plastic to make their way into the oceans a review by researchers found; washing dishes, laundry and taking showers all contribute

Battle of the AIs in medical research: ChatGPT vs Elicit

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
A research team has focused on generative AI as an information-gathering tool in the medical field. The results showed that one of the generative AIs suggested mostly fictitious references, while the other suggested multiple references with the same level of accuracy as the researchers. It is advised to use different generative AIs depending on the type of information needed.

Researchers safely integrate fragile 2D materials into devices

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
A new technique integrates 2D materials into devices and systems in a single step, while keeping surfaces and interfaces free from defects. This method could enable devices like those in computer chips to achieve better performance than those made with conventional fabrication techniques.

What happens when the brain loses a hub?

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
Neuroscientists have obtained the first direct recordings of the human brain in the minutes before and after a brain hub crucial for language meaning was surgically disconnected. The results reveal the importance of brain hubs in neural networks and the remarkable way in which the human brain attempts to compensate when a hub is lost, with immediacy not previously observed. 

Zika's shape-shifting machinery, and a possible vulnerability

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
Viruses have limited genetic material -- and few proteins -- so all the pieces must work extra hard. Zika is a great example; the virus only produces 10 proteins. Now researchers have shown how the virus does so much with so little and may have identified a therapeutic vulnerability.

Conjoined 'racetracks' make new optical device possible

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
Kerry Vahala and collaborators from UC Santa Barbara have found a unique solution to an optics problem.

Potential new drug treatment for multiple sclerosis

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
Pre-clinical studies using a small molecule drug have shown promise as a potential new treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS).

Genetic mutations that promote reproduction tend to shorten human lifespan, study shows

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
A study based on a review of genetic and health information from more than 276,000 people finds strong support for a decades-old evolutionary theory that sought to explain aging and senescence.  

When is an aurora not an aurora?

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
While auroras occur at high latitude, the associated phenomena Steve and the picket fence occur farther south and at lower altitude. Their emissions also differ from aurora. A physics graduate student has proposed a physical mechanism behind these emissions, and a rocket launch to test the theory. She argues that an electric field in the upper atmosphere parallel to Earth's magnetic field could explain the green picket fence spectrum and perhaps Steve and the enhanced aurora.

Major breakthrough for severe asthma treatment

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
A landmark study has shown that severe asthma can be controlled using biologic therapies, without the addition of regular high-dose inhaled steroids which can have significant side effects.

Veins of bacteria could form a self-healing system for concrete infrastructure

Science Daily - 09/12/2023
In hopes of producing concrete structures that can repair their cracks, researchers are putting a new twist on an old trick for improving the durability of concrete. Fiber reinforcement has been around since the first masons were mixing horsehair into their mud. But this research team is taking this method to the next level by turning reinforcing fibers into a living tissue system that rushes concrete-healing bacteria to the site of cracks to repair the damage.

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