Science and Technology

Beethoven's genes reveal low predisposition for beat synchronization

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Ludwig van Beethoven, one of the most celebrated musicians in human history, has a rather low genetic predisposition for beat synchronization, according to a new study.

Genetically engineered dendritic cells enhance the power of immunotherapy against lung cancer

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
A new study suggest that using CXCL9 and CXCL10-producing dendritic cells alongside immunotherapy can be a promising strategy to overcome treatment resistance and improve clinical outcomes for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Developmental crossroads in the brain

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Study reveals how proteins direct nerve cell precursors to turn into specialized neurons.

Bullseye! Accurately centering quantum dots within photonic chips

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Researchers have now developed standards and calibrations for optical microscopes that allow quantum dots to be aligned with the center of a photonic component to within an error of 10 to 20 nanometers (about one-thousandth the thickness of a sheet of paper). Such alignment is critical for chip-scale devices that employ the radiation emitted by quantum dots to store and transmit quantum information.

Using 'time travel' to think about technology from the perspective of future generations

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Researchers have conducted a series of participatory deliberation workshops in which the participants were asked to consider issues of future society and manufacturing, in general, and as they relate to hydrothermally produced porous glass. In workshops where the perspective of 'imaginary future generations' was adopted, participants' perceptions of the technology's feasibility and future potentiality changed significantly.

Severe hurricanes boost influx of juveniles and gene flow in a coral reef sponge

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
A study is the first to evaluate substrate recolonization by sponges in the U.S. Virgin Islands after two catastrophic storms using genetic analyses to understand how much clonality verses sexual recruitment occurs on coral reefs post-storms. Results show that populations of clonal marine species with low pelagic dispersion, such as A. cauliformis, may benefit from increased frequency and magnitude of hurricanes to maintain genetic diversity and combat inbreeding, enhancing the resilience of Caribbean sponge communities to extreme storm events.

New method to measure entropy production on the nanoscale

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Entropy, the amount of molecular disorder, is produced in several systems but cannot be measured directly. A new equation sheds new light on how entropy is produced on a very short time scale in laser excited materials.

Silicon spikes take out 96% of virus particles

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
An international research team has designed and manufactured a virus-killing surface that could help control disease spread in hospitals, labs and other high-risk environments.

New treatment target identified for Alzheimer's disease

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Researchers have identified a new potential target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease -- PDE4B. The researchers observed that AD mice showed memory deficits in maze tests, but memory was unimpaired in AD mice with genetically reduced PDE4B activity.

Macrophages produce heat from brown adipose tissue in response to cold

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Our bodies can maintain body temperature in cold environments. However, the detailed mechanism remains unclear. Researchers elucidated the molecular mechanism by which macrophages, a type of immune cells, control heat production in brown adipose tissue to increase the body temperature in response to cold.

Common degenerative brain disease may begin to develop in middle age

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Lewy body disease may be more common in middle-aged people than previously thought, according to a recent study. In the study, almost one in ten of over 50-year-olds were found to have tissue markers of Lewy body disease in the brain.

Tiniest 'starquake' ever detected

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
An orange dwarf star has yielded the tiniest 'starquakes' ever recorded, measured by an international team of scientists.

xCT protein is key link in inhibiting pancreatic cancer growth and limiting mood disturbances

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
The xCT protein, which plays an important role as a transport molecule in the cell, could play a part in cancer treatment in the future, researchers have discovered. Their recent studies on mice show that targeting the protein can not only reduce tumor growth, it can also help regulate the inflammatory response and improve mood.

Young adults with migraine, other nontraditional risk factors may have higher stroke risk

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Nontraditional risk factors such as migraines are as important as traditional risk factors like high blood pressure for adults younger than ages 35-45, finds new study.

Mathematical innovations enable advances in seismic activity detection

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
Scientists successfully addressed mathematical challenges in conventional Spectral Matrix analysis, used to analyze three-component seismic signals, by introducing time-delay components. The new technique enables the characterization of various polarized waves and the detection of seismic events that have previously gone unnoticed by conventional methods. These findings pave the way for improving a variety of applications, including earthquake detection.

Scientists on the hunt for evidence of quantum gravity's existence at the South Pole

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
An Antarctic large-scale experiment is striving to find out if gravity also exists at the quantum level. An extraordinary particle able to travel undisturbed through space seems to hold the answer.

New roadmap to prevent pandemics centers on protecting biodiversity

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
An international team of 25 scientists has proposed a roadmap for how to prevent the next pandemic by conserving natural areas and promoting biodiversity, thereby providing animals with enough food, safe havens and distance to limit contact and the transfer of pathogens to humans.

New maps help decision-makers factor albedo into tree-planting decisions

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
A new study provides a global analysis of where restoration of tree cover is most effective at cooling the global climate system, considering not just the cooling from carbon storage but also the warming from decreased albedo. The researchers provide a tool practitioners and land managers can use to determine just how much of a problem albedo is for any reforestation or afforestation project on the globe.

Climate change will see Australia's soil emit CO2 and add to global warming

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
New research has shown the warming climate will turn Australia's soil into a net emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2), unless action is taken. Soil helps to keep the planet cool by absorbing carbon, however as the climate gets warmer its ability to retain carbon decreases -- and in some instances can start to release some carbon back into the air. A global research team has predicted the changes in the amount of carbon in Australia's soil between now and the year 2100.

Large-scale animal study links brain pH changes to wide-ranging cognitive issues

Science Daily - 26/03/2024
The International Brain pH Project Consortium unveils groundbreaking findings in a large-scale animal model study, indicating altered brain pH and lactate levels as a transdiagnostic endophenotype in neuropsychiatric disorders with cognitive impairment. This collaborative effort, involving 131 researchers across six countries, challenges existing notions and may pave the way for novel strategies in understanding and addressing biologically diverse and debilitating disorders impacting cognitive function.

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