Science and Technology

Siblings with unique genetic change help scientists progress drug search for type 1 diabetes

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Two siblings who have the only known mutations in a key gene anywhere in the world have helped scientists gain new insights that could help progress the search for new treatments in type 1 diabetes.

New urine-based test detects high-grade prostate cancer, helping men avoid unnecessary biopsies

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Researchers have developed a new urine-based test that addresses a major problem in prostate cancer: how to separate the slow-growing form of the disease unlikely to cause harm from more aggressive cancer that needs immediate treatment.

WHO terms pathogens that transmit through air ‘infectious respiratory particles’ or IRPs

The Hindu:Science - 18/04/2024
‘Varying terminologies highlighted gaps in common understanding and contributed to challenges in public communication and efforts to curb the transmission of the pathogen’ during the COVID-19 pandemic, the WHO said

Sci-Five | The Hindu Science Quiz: On Ozone

The Hindu:Science - 18/04/2024
This week’s Sci-Five science quiz is on Ozone.

How can small-scale farmers benefit from trees on farms?

The Hindu:Science - 18/04/2024
The adoption of agroforestry at scale in India by smallholders is currently stymied by ecological and socio-economic factors

Study identifies new metric for diagnosing autism

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Autism spectrum disorder has yet to be linked to a single cause, due to the wide range of its symptoms and severity. However, a recent study suggests a promising new approach to finding answers, one that could lead to advances in the study of other neurological conditions.

Researchers create new AI pipeline for identifying molecular interactions

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
AI developments in chemical biology could unlock new types of disease treatments.

Clearing the air: Wind farms more land efficient than previously thought

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Wind power is a source of energy that is both affordable and renewable. However, decision-makers have been reluctant to invest in wind energy due to a perception that wind farms require a lot of land compared to electric power plants driven by fossil fuels. Research was based on the assessment of the land-use of close to 320 wind farms in the U.S. paints a very different picture.

Paper: To understand cognition--and its dysfunction--neuroscientists must learn its rhythms

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Thought emerges and is controlled in the brain via the rhythmically and spatially coordinated activity of millions of neurons, scientists argue in a new article. Understanding cognition and its disorders requires studying it at that level.

Protecting brain cells with cannabinol

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Scientists created four cannabis-derived CBN analogs (chemical look-a-likes) with enhanced neuroprotective properties and potential for therapeutic application in neurological disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and traumatic brain injury. Their findings reveal novel aspects of CBN's neuroprotective activity and demonstrate the clinical potential of CBN and value of studying its analogs.

Does using your brain more at work help ward off thinking, memory problems?

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
The harder your brain works at your job, the less likely you may be to have memory and thinking problems later in life, according to a new study. This study does not prove that stimulating work prevents mild cognitive impairment. It only shows an association.

Guidance on energy and macronutrients across the lifespan

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
In the long history of recommendations for nutritional intake, current research is trending toward the concept of 'food as medicine' -- a philosophy in which food and nutrition are positioned within interventions to support health and wellness.

Calorie restriction study reveals complexities in how diet impacts aging

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
The rate at which human cells age is influenced by multiple interconnected factors. New research examined how restricting calories influences telomere length and biological aging.

Atom-by-atom: Imaging structural transformations in 2D materials

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Silicon-based electronics are approaching their physical limitations and new materials are needed to keep up with current technological demands. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have a rich array of properties, including superconductivity and magnetism, and are promising candidates for use in electronic systems, such as transistors. However, precisely controlling the properties of these materials is extraordinarily difficult.

How 3D printers can give robots a soft touch

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Soft skin coverings and touch sensors have emerged as a promising feature for robots that are both safer and more intuitive for human interaction, but they are expensive and difficult to make. A recent study demonstrates that soft skin pads doubling as sensors made from thermoplastic urethane can be efficiently manufactured using 3D printers.

Honey bees experience multiple health stressors out-in-the-field

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
It's not a single pesticide or virus stressing honey bees, and affecting their health, but exposure to a complex web of multiple interacting stressors encountered while at work pollinating crops, found new research. Scientists have been unable to explain increasing colony mortality, even after decades of research examining the role of specific pesticides, parasitic mites, viruses or genetics. This led the research team to wonder if previous studies were missing something by focusing on one stressor at a time.

Machine learning used to create a fabric-based touch sensor

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
A new fabric-based touch sensor used machine learning to control mobile apps, video games and other devices while integrated into clothing.

Probiotic feed additive boosts growth, health in poultry in place of antibiotics

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
The growing need for antibiotic-free products has challenged producers to decrease or completely stop using antimicrobials as feed supplements in the diet of broiler chickens to improve feed efficiency, growth rate and intestinal health. A research team conducted a study of natural feed additives that are promising alternatives to substitute for antimicrobial growth promoters.

Global study reveals health impacts of airborne trace elements

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
Researchers investigated global particulate matter, revealing health risks from trace elements.

First evidence of human occupation in lava tube cave in Saudi Arabia

Science Daily - 18/04/2024
New research has highlighted an area in Arabia that once acted as a key point for cultural exchanges and trades amongst ancient people -- and it all took place in vast caves and lava tubes that have remained largely untapped reservoirs of archaeological abundance in Arabia. Through meticulous excavation and analysis, the international team uncovered a wealth of evidence at Umm Jirsan, spanning from the Neolithic to the Chalcolithic/Bronze Age periods (~10,000-3,500 years ago).

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