Science and Technology

Maths: Smart learning software helps children during lockdowns -- and beyond

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
Intelligent tutoring systems for math problems helped pupils remain or even increase their performance during the coronavirus pandemic, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed data from five million exercises done by around 2,700 pupils in Germany over a period of five years. The study found that particularly lower-performing children benefit if they use the software regularly.

Merons realized in synthetic antiferromagnets

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
Researchers have demonstrated the presence of merons in synthetic antiferromagnets and thus in materials that can be produced using standard deposition techniques.

Living near pubs, bars and fast-food restaurants could be bad for heart health

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
Exposure to more ready-to-eat food outlets linked to a higher risk of heart failure, in a new study.

New discovery shows how cells defend themselves during stressful situations

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
A recent study has unveiled an exciting discovery about how our cells defend themselves during stressful situations. The research shows that a tiny modification in the genetic material, called ac4C, acts as a crucial defender, helping cells create protective storage units known as stress granules. These stress granules safeguard important genetic instructions when the cell is facing challenges. The new findings could help shed light on relevant molecular pathways that could be targeted in disease.

Extinctions could result as fish change foraging behavior in response to rising temperatures

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
Fish species respond to temperature increases by going after more readily available prey. Models suggest this behavior could lead to more extinctions.

Trapping and excitation of the simplest molecule

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
The simplest possible molecule H2+ was one of the very first molecules to form in the cosmos. This makes it significant for astrophysics, but also an important object of research for fundamental physics. It is difficult to study in experiments. However, a team of physicists has now succeeded in measuring the vibrations of the molecule with a laser.

Visual prosthesis simulator offers a glimpse into the future

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
Researchers have developed a simulator that enables artificial visual observations for research into the visual prosthesis. This open source tool is available to researchers and offers those who are interested insight into the future application.

Scientists use blue-green algae as a surrogate mother for 'meat-like' proteins

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
Researchers have not only succeeded in using blue-green algae as a surrogate mother for a new protein -- they have even coaxed the microalgae to produce 'meat fiber-like' protein strands. The achievement may be the key to sustainable foods that have both the 'right' texture and require minimal processing.

Researchers use Hawk supercomputer and lean into imperfection to improve solar cell efficiency

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
Solar energy is one of the most promising, widely adopted renewable energy sources, but the solar cells that convert light into electricity remains a challenge. Scientists have turned to the High-Performance Computing Center Stuttgart to understand how strategically designing imperfections in the system could lead to more efficient energy conversion.

Long-term memory and lack of mental images

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
When people lack visual imagination, this is known as aphantasia. Researchers investigated how the lack of mental imagery affects long-term memory. They were able to show that changes in two important brain regions, the hippocampus and the occipital lobe, as well as their interaction, have an influence on the impaired recall of personal memories in aphantasia.

Newfound ‘obelisks’ join viruses, viroids as third unusual life form

The Hindu:Science - 27/02/2024
At the far reaches of life, the distinction between the living and the non-living is becoming increasingly murky

‘10,000 genome’ project completed, says government

The Hindu:Science - 27/02/2024
The project is seen as a key step to being able to learn about genetic variants that are unique to India’s population groups and use that to customise drugs and therapies

Gaganyaan astronauts | IAF fighter pilots with distinguished service

The Hindu:Science - 27/02/2024
They have experience flying a variety of aircraft including frontline fighters like the Su-30 MKIs and the MiGs

Four IAF pilots named as possible Gaganyaan crew

The Hindu:Science - 27/02/2024
Announcement was made in the presence of PM Modi at Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; they have been undergoing training in Russia and at ISRO Astronaut Training Facility in Bengaluru

Early jacaranda bloom sparks debate about climate change in Mexicoca

The Hindu:Science - 27/02/2024
The early onset bloom has set off alarm bells among residents and scientists in Mexico City, where the trees have become an iconic, photogenic mainstay of city streets

Bird flu reaches mainland Antarctica for first time, scientists say

The Hindu:Science - 27/02/2024
The presence of the virus was confirmed on Saturday in samples of dead skua seabirds that were found by Argentine scientists near the Antarctic base Primavera

'Janitors' of the Sea: Overharvested sea cucumbers play crucial role in protecting coral

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
Researchers discovered that sea cucumbers -- sediment-eating organisms that function like autonomous vacuum cleaners of the ocean floor -- play an enormous role in protecting coral from disease.

Gut-brain communication turned on its axis

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
The mechanisms by which antidepressants and other emotion-focused medications work could be reconsidered due to an important new breakthrough in the understanding of how the gut communicates with the brain. New research has uncovered major developments in understanding how the gut communicates with the brain, which could have a profound impact on the make-up and use of medications such as antidepressants.

Latest science shows endocrine disrupting chemicals in plastics, pesticides, and other sources pose health threats globally

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
A report from the world's leading scientific and medical experts on hormone-related health conditions raises new concerns about the profound threats to human health from endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that are ubiquitous in our surroundings and everyday lives. Everyday exposures to EDCs in the environment may be linked to increasing rates of infertility, diabetes, immune deficiencies, and other serious conditions; Highly Hazardous Pesticides pose ongoing threats.

Human stem cells coaxed to mimic the very early central nervous system

Science Daily - 27/02/2024
The first stem cell culture method that produces a full model of the early stages of the human central nervous system has been developed by a team of engineers and biologists.

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